Horizontal+Circulation



The design of horizontal circulation frequently determines the basic shape and character of the entire structure.
 * What is it that the design of horizontal circulation determines? **

The first practical requirement of any circulation system is that it be adequate in size. Pennsylvania station in New York is an excellent example of a specials grow interact circulation.
 * What are the four practical requirements of any horizontal circulation system mentioned in the lecture? [[image:Pennsylvania_Station.jpg width="200" height="157" align="right"]] **

The second requirement in circulation design is dotted directness. A Good circulation plan should work well in either direction. The third requirement in circulation design is that points of convergence traffic must be expressed. This is especially important in the design of facilities for rapid exists.

The forth requirement in circulation design is that changes in levels must be clearly expressed. The architect can choose an amount of several treatments to express the changing level. A wall and ceiling treatments would prepare a crowd for the steps ahead of time.



The three examples are: The Pennsylvania Station in New York, the Centro Soyuz building in Moscow and the Palace of Justice in Paris.  ** Why is the concept of Horizontal Circulation important in any architectural design? ** Circulation is important in any architectural design because it has an esthetic and functional value. Circulations should give the impression that they leave to some definite place, in esthetic terms, a climax. If one can see ahead some inviting or dynamic visually fact, progress becomes easy and pleasant. The easiest type of progression is in straight line; the focal point can serve as the sign of directional change in circulation by showing the person that the circulation ends there or that he/she has to take a change in direction.
 * What are the three examples (names of buildings) mentioned by Prof. Watanabe to illustrate different horizontal circulation patterns? **

It is also important because the architect has the alternative of making a structure convenient, clear and practical or torturous, confuse and inefficient. In le Corbusier perspective for the Centro Soyuz building in Moscow, the sings of direction marks would be necessary to indicate where that one should go. In the Palace of Justice in Paris, the circulation gives patterns, unity and clarity to the building as a hole, by the architect superior handling of the magnificent space. Then, circulations elements establish the relationship between the parts and the hole and between the circulations pattern itself and the general sense and form of the entire structure.